/Glossary of Terms
Glossary of Terms

Glossary of Terms

Government contracting, procurement and proposal terminology.

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Government Contracting Terms

RFP
Request for Proposal - A formal solicitation issued by a government agency inviting contractors to submit proposals for a specific project or service.
RFI
Request for Information - A preliminary document issued to gather information from potential contractors before a formal solicitation.
RFQ
Request for Quotation - A solicitation requesting price quotes for specific goods or services, typically used for simpler procurements.
RFx
Umbrella term covering RFP, RFI, RFQ and other formal solicitation types.
SAM.gov
System for Award Management - The federal website for contractor registration and contract opportunities.
NAICS
North American Industry Classification System - Codes that classify businesses by industry for government contracting purposes.
PSC
Product and Service Code - Codes that describe the products and services the government buys.
UEI
Unique Entity ID - The 12-character identifier SAM.gov assigns to every registered entity.
CAGE
Commercial and Government Entity code - A five-character identifier for contractors doing business with the government.
PWIN
Probability of Win - An estimated likelihood of winning a specific contract opportunity.
FAR
Federal Acquisition Regulation - The primary set of rules governing federal procurement.
DFARS
Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement - Additional acquisition rules for Department of Defense contracts.
CPARS
Contractor Performance Assessment Reporting System - The federal system for documenting contractor performance evaluations.
BOE
Basis of Estimate - Documentation justifying the estimated costs, labor hours and resources proposed for a contract.
SOW
Statement of Work - Describes the specific tasks, deliverables and timelines a contractor must fulfill.
PWS
Performance Work Statement - An outcome-focused alternative to a SOW that describes required results rather than specific tasks.
T&M
Time and Materials - A contract type where payment is based on actual labor hours and materials used.
FFP
Firm Fixed Price - A contract type with a set price for all deliverables, placing cost risk on the contractor.
CPFF
Cost Plus Fixed Fee - A contract where the government reimburses allowable costs and pays a fixed fee on top.
CPAF
Cost Plus Award Fee - A contract with a base fee plus an award fee based on performance evaluation.
IDIQ
Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity - A contract for an indefinite quantity of supplies or services during a fixed period.
BPA
Blanket Purchase Agreement - A simplified method for filling repetitive needs for supplies or services.
GWAC
Government-Wide Acquisition Contract - A pre-competed contract vehicle available to federal agencies.
GSA Schedule
General Services Administration Multiple Award Schedule - Long-term government-wide contracts with commercial firms for products and services.
8(a)
SBA 8(a) Business Development Program - Helps small, disadvantaged businesses compete in the federal marketplace.
HUBZone
Historically Underutilized Business Zone - An SBA program giving small businesses in qualifying areas preferential access to federal contracts.
SDVOSB
Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business - A small business owned and controlled by one or more service-disabled veterans.
WOSB
Women-Owned Small Business - A small business at least 51% owned and controlled by women.
SBIR
Small Business Innovation Research - A competitive program for small businesses to do federal research and development with commercialization potential.
STTR
Small Business Technology Transfer - Like SBIR, but requires formal collaboration with a research institution.
Section C
Description/Specifications/Statement of Work - The section of a federal RFP that describes what is being bought.
Section L
Instructions to Offerors - The section of a federal RFP that describes how to prepare and submit your proposal.
Section M
Evaluation Factors for Award - The section of a federal RFP that describes how proposals will be evaluated.
Compliance matrix
A table that maps every instruction and requirement in the solicitation to where the proposal answers it.
Pink Team
An early review of strategy, outline and win themes, before full drafting.
Red Team
A review of the full draft as an evaluator would score it - compliance, quality and persuasiveness.
Gold Team
An executive review for final approval of strategy, price and risk.
White Team
A final compliance and production check before submission.
Quiet period
Once a solicitation is released, FAR 15.201(f) routes communication with the agency through the contracting officer.
Debriefing
The agency's explanation of an award decision to an offeror, governed for FAR Part 15 procurements by FAR 15.505 and 15.506.
SLED
State, Local and Education - The market segment of non-federal government procurement.
CUI
Controlled Unclassified Information - Sensitive but unclassified information that must be safeguarded under federal rules.
CMMC
Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification - The Department of Defense framework for assessing contractors' cybersecurity practices.
FedRAMP
Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program - A standardized approach to security authorization for cloud products used by federal agencies.
FPDS
Federal Procurement Data System - The central repository of federal contract award data.
USASpending
The official source of federal spending data.
MCP
Model Context Protocol - An open standard that lets an AI assistant use tools in other software, such as your ProposalWorkspace account.

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